en Research Paper Research Paper <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Abstract</span></b></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The effect of different heat-treatment temperatures on the magnetic, crystallization, and structural properties of </span><a name="_Hlk133387752"></a><m:omath><m:r><m:rpr><m:scr m:val="roman"><m:sty m:val="p"></m:sty></m:scr></m:rpr><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:">20</span></m:r><m:ssub><m:ssubpr><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:ctrlpr></m:ctrlpr></span></m:ssubpr><m:e><m:r><m:rpr><m:scr m:val="roman"><m:sty m:val="p"></m:sty></m:scr></m:rpr><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:">SiO</span></m:r></m:e><m:sub><m:r><m:rpr><m:scr m:val="roman"><m:sty m:val="p"></m:sty></m:scr></m:rpr><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:">2</span></m:r></m:sub></m:ssub><m:r><m:rpr><m:scr m:val="roman"><m:sty m:val="p"></m:sty></m:scr></m:rpr><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:">.50FeO.30CaO</span></m:r></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(mol%) </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">glass ceramics was studied. The initial glass was synthesized by the sol-gel method at 25</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;with a precursors to solvent ratio of 1/5. After aging the resulted gel for 24 h at room temperature, it was dried in an electric dryer at 110 </span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. By heat treatment at different temperatures, different phases such as magnetite, maghemite, and hematite were crystallized in the glass. The maximum stability temperature of magnetite and maghemite were 360</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;and 440</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;respectively</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. By increasing the heat treatment temperature to higher than 440</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, the oxidation of maghemite to hematite was occureds. The highest magnetization amount (1.9 emu/g) belonged to sample heat treated at 680</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. By increasing the heat treatment temperature to 840</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, the magnetization decreased to 0.8 emu/g, due to the oxidation of maghemite. By increasing the heat treatment temperature from 440</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;to 680</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, crystalline size of maghemite was increased from 40 to 200 nm. By forther increment of temperature to 840</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, the size of maghemite crystals decreased to 17nm, due to the oxidation of maghemite to hematite.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Abstract</span></b></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The effect of different heat-treatment temperatures on the magnetic, crystallization, and structural properties of </span><a name="_Hlk133387752"></a><m:omath><m:r><m:rpr><m:scr m:val="roman"><m:sty m:val="p"></m:sty></m:scr></m:rpr><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:">20</span></m:r><m:ssub><m:ssubpr><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:ctrlpr></m:ctrlpr></span></m:ssubpr><m:e><m:r><m:rpr><m:scr m:val="roman"><m:sty m:val="p"></m:sty></m:scr></m:rpr><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:">SiO</span></m:r></m:e><m:sub><m:r><m:rpr><m:scr m:val="roman"><m:sty m:val="p"></m:sty></m:scr></m:rpr><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:">2</span></m:r></m:sub></m:ssub><m:r><m:rpr><m:scr m:val="roman"><m:sty m:val="p"></m:sty></m:scr></m:rpr><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:">.50FeO.30CaO</span></m:r></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(mol%) </span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">glass ceramics was studied. The initial glass was synthesized by the sol-gel method at 25</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;with a precursors to solvent ratio of 1/5. After aging the resulted gel for 24 h at room temperature, it was dried in an electric dryer at 110 </span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. By heat treatment at different temperatures, different phases such as magnetite, maghemite, and hematite were crystallized in the glass. The maximum stability temperature of magnetite and maghemite were 360</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;and 440</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;respectively</span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. By increasing the heat treatment temperature to higher than 440</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, the oxidation of maghemite to hematite was occureds. The highest magnetization amount (1.9 emu/g) belonged to sample heat treated at 680</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. By increasing the heat treatment temperature to 840</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, the magnetization decreased to 0.8 emu/g, due to the oxidation of maghemite. By increasing the heat treatment temperature from 440</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;to 680</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, crystalline size of maghemite was increased from 40 to 200 nm. By forther increment of temperature to 840</span><m:omath><i><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:"><m:r>℃</m:r></span></i></m:omath><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:3.0pt"> </span></span></span></span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">, the size of maghemite crystals decreased to 17nm, due to the oxidation of maghemite to hematite.</span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Bioactive Glass-Ceramic,Magnetic properties,Sol-Gel,Hyperthermia,Maghemite 1 11 http://ijmse.iust.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-46-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1 parisa rastgoo oskoui parisa.oskoui@gmail.com 1800319475328460017381 1800319475328460017381 No university of tabriz mohammad rezvani m_rezvani@tabrizu.ac.ir 1800319475328460017382 1800319475328460017382 Yes University of Tabriz Abbas kianvash akianvash@tabrizu.ac.ir 1800319475328460017383 1800319475328460017383 No university of tabriz